A microtone is an interval smaller than a semitone, or half step. Microtonal intervals create pitches that lie between the notes of the equal-tempered chromatic scale—that is, between the notes of the piano or the standard flute scale. Microtones can be produced on the flute by using nonstandard fingerings. The resulting pitches are a little sharper or flatter than those produced by standard fingerings, and often have a distinctive timbre (tone quality)—usually a little more muted or “breathy” sounding than conventional flute tone.

The unusual intonations and timbres of flute microtones provide interesting musical possibilities for composers and performers, and have practical benefits for general study of the instrument as well.

Beyond expanding the range of tonal possibilities for the flute, practice of microtones has a number of general benefits for flutists. The nonstandard fingerings used in microtonal playing can be a good way to increase finger dexterity and coordination. Playing microtones also helps the flutist develop his or her sensitivity to pitch and timbre, components of good musicianship that are important in all types of solo and ensemble playing.